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Apr. 29, 2013 ? Nesting green sea turtles are benefiting from marine protected areas by using habitats found within their boundaries, according to a U.S. Geological Survey study that is the first to track the federally protected turtles in Dry Tortugas National Park.
Green turtles are listed as endangered in Florida and threatened throughout the rest of their range, and the habits of green sea turtles after their forays to nest on beaches in the Southeast U.S. have long remained a mystery. Until now, it was not clear whether the turtles made use of existing protected areas, and few details were available as to whether they were suited for supporting the green sea turtle's survival.
U.S. Geological Survey researchers confirmed the turtles' use of the protected areas by tracking nesting turtles with satellite tags and analyzing their movement patterns after they left beaches.
"Our goal was to better understand what types of habitats they used at sea and whether they were in fact putting these designated areas to use. This study not only shows managers that these designated protected areas are already being used by turtles, but provides insight into the types of habitats they use most," said the study's lead author, Kristen Hart, who works as a research ecologist for the U.S. Geological Survey.
Hart's team made the discovery by fitting green sea turtle mothers with satellite tags after they came onto beaches within Dry Tortugas National Park to nest. After tracking their movements and analyzing their time at sea, the team located the areas turtles used between their nesting events and determined where turtles traveled after the nesting season was over.
They found green sea turtles spending much of their time in protected sites within both Dry Tortugas National Park and the surrounding areas of the Florida Keys Marine National Sanctuary.
"We were thrilled to find that these turtles used some areas already under 'protected' status. The ultimate goal is to help managers understand where these endangered turtles are spending their time both during the breeding period and then when they are at feeding areas. Given that worldwide declines in seagrasses -- one of the most important habitats they rely on for food -- has already been documented, this type of data is critical for managers," said Hart.
The team learned about the turtle's habitat needs during the nesting season by using ATRIS, a georeferenced, underwater camera system developed by the USGS to collect over 195,000 seafloor images. Researchers surveyed the areas frequented by turtles within Dry Tortugas National Park by photographing the seafloor in a series of parallel lines totaling 70 kilometers (over 43 miles). Using a habitat map derived from those images, they found that the turtles most commonly used shallow seagrass beds and degraded coral reefs that have been overgrown by a mixed assemblage of other organisms, such as sea fans, sponges, and fire coral.
"Our synergistic approach of combining satellite telemetry data with an extensive habitat map proved to be an effective way to find out exactly what habitats these nesting turtles were using in the Park," said Dave Zawada, a USGS research oceanographer and co-author on the study.
The Dry Tortugas' population made shorter migrations than that typically seen among other green turtle populations around the world; this was only the second published study showing green turtles taking up residence at feeding grounds located quite near their breeding grounds.
"We hope to keep pushing the frontier of what is known about in-water sea turtle habitat use, as this type of scientific information is vital for understanding whether conservation measures are effective," said Hart.
The study, "Habitat use of breeding green turtles Chelonia mydas tagged in Dry Tortugas National Park: Making use of local and regional MPAs," was published this week in the journal Biological Conservation.
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Apr. 29, 2013 ? Identification of genetic variations in the genes coding for the hormone FSH may provide new treatments for male and female infertility, according to work presented at the European Congress of Endocrinology in Copenhagen. A group of researchers at the University of Muenster has characterised gene variations which may improve treatment for almost half of infertile men, as well as allowing tailored treatment for women undergoing assisted reproduction.
Properly functioning FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) is needed to ensure fertility. FSH is produced by the pituitary gland (at the base of the brain) in both men and women. It is essential for normal functioning of the reproductive system. In adult males, FSH is crucial to maintain normal sperm production. In adult women, FSH regulates egg maturation and oestrogen synthesis by the ovaries.
Pituitary-produced FSH binds to specific receptors which are found on the surface of cells in the ovary, testes, and uterus. For the hormone to have its effect, both the hormone and the receptor must function properly. Recently, the group of researchers at the University of Muenster (Germany) has analysed genetic variants in both the FSH gene and in the FSH receptor, which affect fertility in both males and females.
The group found that a distinct single nucleotide change in the DNA structure of FSHB gene (the FSH molecule has 2 subunits -- FSHB is the B subunit) caused significant effects in the functioning of the hormone in both men and women. A single change in the DNA of the FSH receptor (FSHR) also caused changes in fertility. They have also found that if a man has both the FSHB and FSH unfavourable genetic variation, then his fertility levels can drop dramatically.
Professor Joerg Gromoll's group looked at hormone levels in 1213 males and 365 women who had been attending the Muenster fertility clinic, and associated these with the genetic variations in the FSH hormone and receptor. They found that males with the FSHB variation had significant drops in FSH levels and in testicular volume. If a man had both polymorphisms in FSHB and FSHR (gene variations) then this effect was even more pronounced and a drop of 34% in sperm count could be detected..
In contrast, they found that FSH levels in women with the polymorphisms were increased, while progesterone levels were lowered. However, the number of women with the combined variation so far studied was not high enough to draw significant conclusions.
Professor Gromoll, of the Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Muenster, presented the complete results to the European Congress of Endocrinology in Copenhagen. He said:
"These genetic variations turned out to have significant effects on male and female reproductive endocrinology, and hence on male and female fertility. Where a man has the variants in both the hormone and its receptor, the drop in fertility is very significant. We estimate that around 45% of infertile men would respond to FSH therapy, and this work may enable us to identify exactly who will benefit, and to what extent. In the same way, knowing which women carry the variants may enable them to receive tailored ovarian stimulation in the future.
"We are now working to identify infertile patients suitable for FSH treatment to induce fertility."
Note: The changes were single nucleotide polymorphisms. The FSHB gene at position 211 normally has a G nucleotide -- in this variation this was changed to a T: so the designation for this variation is FSHB-211 G>T. With the gene for the receptor, the change was from A to G at position 2039, designated FSHR 2039A>G.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/8F0_skCgz_U/130429210854.htm
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With most people content to just pop in a cartridge, push a button, and accept the caffeinated lighter fluid that comes forth with open mouths, it's easy to forget that coffee-making can be an art. Which is partially why Tonx's fun and monstrously informative infographic on cofeee-makerless coffee-making is such a delight.
Whether you're a caffeinated artisan or just highly unprepared, you should be able to produce a halfway-decent cup with whatever you have at hand. In fact, Tonx is so confident in the bean's resourcefulness that it's currently running a contest for the most creative ways of brewing something at least resembling coffee that you can muster. For know, though, and with this chart, know that you and your beans will both be in good hands. [Tonx]
Source: http://gizmodo.com/make-coffee-without-a-coffee-maker-using-crap-around-yo-484497253
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Apr. 26, 2013 ? A potential new treatment strategy for patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is on the horizon, thanks to research by neuroscientists now at the University at Buffalo's Hunter James Kelly Research Institute and their colleagues in Italy and England.
The institute is the research arm of the Hunter's Hope Foundation, established in 1997 by Jim Kelly, Buffalo Bills Hall of Fame quarterback, and his wife, Jill, after their infant son Hunter was diagnosed with Krabbe Leukodystrophy, an inherited fatal disorder of the nervous system. Hunter died in 2005 at the age of eight. The institute conducts research on myelin and its related diseases with the goal of developing new ways of understanding and treating conditions such as Krabbe disease and other leukodystrophies.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth or CMT disease, which affects the peripheral nerves, is among the most common of hereditary neurological disorders; it is a disease of myelin and it results from misfolded proteins in cells that produce myelin.
The new findings sere published online earlier this month in The Journal of Experimental Medicine.
They may have relevance for other diseases that result from misfolded proteins, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, cancer and mad cow disease.
The paper shows that missteps in translational homeostasis, the process of regulating new protein production so that cells maintain a precise balance between lipids and proteins, may be how some genetic mutations in CMT cause neuropathy.
CMT neuropathies are common, hereditary and progressive; in severe cases, patients end up in wheelchairs. These diseases significantly affect quality of life but not longevity, taking a major toll on patients, families and society, the researchers note.
"It's possible that our finding could lead to the development of an effective treatment not just for CMT neuropathies but also for other diseases related to misfolded proteins," says Lawrence Wrabetz, MD, director of the institute and professor of neurology and biochemistry in UB's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and senior author on the paper. Maurizio D'Antonio, of the Division of Genetics and Cell Biology of the San Raffaele Scientific Institute in Milan is first author; Wrabetz did most of this research while he was at San Raffaele, prior to coming to UB.
The research finding centers around the synthesis of misfolded proteins in Schwann cells, which make myelin in nerves. Myelin is the crucial fatty material that wraps the axons of neurons and allows them to signal effectively. Many CMT neuropathies are associated with mutations in a gene known as P0, which glues the wraps of myelin together. Wrabetz has previously shown in experiments with transgenic mice that those mutations cause the myelin to break down, which in turn, causes degeneration of peripheral nerves and wasting of muscles.
When cells recognize that the misfolded proteins are being synthesized, cells respond by severely reducing protein production in an effort to correct the problem, Wrabetz explains. The cells commence protein synthesis again when a protein called Gadd34 gets involved.
"After cells have reacted to, and corrected, misfolding of proteins, the job of Gadd34 is to turn protein synthesis back on," says Wrabetz. "What we have shown is that once Gadd34 is turned back on, it activates synthesis of proteins at a level that's too high -- that's what causes more problems in myelination.
"We have provided proof of principle that Gadd34 causes a problem with translational homeostasis and that's what causes some neuropathies," says Wrabetz. "We've shown that if we just reduce Gadd34, we actually get better myelination. So, leaving protein synthesis turned partially off is better than turning it back on, completely."
In both cultures and a transgenic mouse model of CMT neuropathies, the researchers improved myelin by reducing Gadd34 with salubrinal, a small molecule research drug. While salubrinal is not appropriate for human use, Wrabetz and colleagues at UB and elsewhere are working to develop derivatives that are appropriate.
"If we can demonstrate that a new version of this molecule is safe and effective, then it could be part of a new therapeutic strategy for CMT and possibly other misfolded protein diseases as well," says Wrabetz.
And while CMT is the focus of this particular research, the work is helping scientists at the Hunter James Kelly Research Institute enrich their understanding of myelin disorders in general.
"What we learn in one disease, such as CMT, may inform how we think about toxins for others, such as Krabbe's," Wrabetz says. "We'd like to build a foundation and answer basic questions about where and when toxicity in diseases begin."
The misfolded protein diseases are an interesting and challenging group of diseases to study, he continues. "CMT, for example, is caused by mutations in more than 40 different genes," he says. "When there are so many different genes involved and so many different mechanisms, you have to find a unifying mechanism: this problem of Gadd34 turning protein synthesis on at too high a level could be one unifying mechanism. The hope is that this proof of principle applies to more than just CMT and may lead to improved treatments for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Type 1 diabetes and the other diseases caused by misfolded proteins."
Co-authors with D'Antonio and Wrabetz are M. Laura Feltri, MD, professor of neurology and biochemistry at UB and a researcher with UB's Hunter James Kelly Research Institute at the NYS Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences; Nicolo Musner, Cristina Scapin Daniela Ungaro and Ubaldo Del Carro from the San Raffaele Scientific Institute and David Ron of Cambridge and the National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health, the European Community and an award to D'Antonio from the Italian Ministry of Health.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University at Buffalo. The original article was written by Ellen Goldbaum.
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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/_o1zELs2WuM/130426135037.htm
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Guatemalan finds point to ancient cultural interactions across a wide territory
By Bruce Bower
Web edition: April 25, 2013
Enlarge Standing on Ceremony
After excavating through layers of construction at an ancient Maya site in Guatemala, researchers found a ritual plaza from around 3,000 years ago.
Credit: T. Inomata
Ancient Maya civilization was born of public rituals devised several thousand years ago as a result of mingling among groups spread across what?s now southern Mexico and Guatemala.
That?s the provocative conclusion of a report, published April 25 in Science, describing the excavation of that region?s oldest known ceremonial structures. The excavations were at Ceibal, an early Maya settlement in Guatemala. These 3,000-year-old finds consist of remnants of a square platform and a long platform separated by a plaza, say archaeologist Takeshi Inomata of the University of Arizona in Tucson and his colleagues. Critically, the two structures run from east to west.
Renovations to the square platform transformed it into a 6- to 8-meter-high pyramid by around 2,700 years ago. A new version of the long platform was built behind the original at that time. ?
That layout, joining a square or pyramid with a platform in an east-west alignment, formed the centerpiece of ritual areas in many later Maya cities. Ceremonial structures at Ceibal and nearby sites got the cultural ball rolling, the researchers suggest, in a Maya society that eventually featured writing, a complex calendar and massive temples.
Radiocarbon dating at Ceibal challenges previous proposals that Maya civilization arose either on its own or due to the direct influence of southern Mexico?s Olmec civilization, which dates from roughly 3,500 to 2,400 years ago. Some archaeologists contend that an Olmec settlement near Mexico?s Gulf Coast called La Venta crucially shaped ancient Maya practices.
But Ceibal?s ceremonial structures were built about 200 years before comparable ones at La Venta, Inomata?s team concludes. Similarly configured ritual buildings appeared at sites within 400 kilometers of Ceibal shortly after 3,000 years ago, the investigators say.
?Cultural interaction over a broad area was a key to development of Maya civilization,? Inomata says.
Ceibal and nearby sites have yielded jade, obsidian and other valuable stones that were used to make axes as offerings to gods and then buried in ceremonial plazas. Traders of these precious stones from various groups witnessed and even participated in others? rituals, Inomata suspects.
In agreement with Inomata, archaeologist Francisco Estrada-Belli of Tulane University in New Orleans suspects that cultural exchange between the Maya and the Olmec began more than 3,000 years ago. Estrada-Belli directs excavations of Cival, a Maya site near Ceibal where another pyramid and platform separated by a plaza were built roughly 2,800 years ago.
Inomata?s findings at Ceibal challenge the popular view that public rituals and public spaces appeared only after early civilizations established economic systems and social classes. ?Religion and public ritual might be the most important factors in the development of Maya civilization,? Estrada-Belli says.
Olmec investigators praise the new Ceibal report but say it can?t explain Maya civilization?s roots. Ceibal?s ceremonial structures may have preceded those at La Venta, but residents of an older Olmec settlement called San Lorenzo ? which had a complex culture that archaeologists only poorly understand? might have erected such structures, remarks archaeologist John Clark of Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. San Lorenzo?s heyday ended around 3,150 years ago.
Art and religion flourished at San Lorenzo while Maya to the east were just learning to make pottery, says Yale University archaeologist Michael Coe. Olmec people may not have invented Ceibal?s ritual setup, but they still forged a ?mother culture? for the Maya and other ancient societies in that region, Coe holds.
Inomata?s team doesn?t yet know the length of Ceibal?s long platforms, so it?s unclear whether ritual structures there were arrayed like those at later Maya sites, says archaeologist Rebecca Gonz?lez Lauck of Centro INAH Tabasco, Mexico, who directs La Venta excavations. La Venta?s pyramid and platform stand near two massive stone sculptures unlike anything at Maya sites, she adds, indicating that Olmec ritual practices were different than those at Ceibal and other Maya sites. Only further excavations can illuminate cultural links between Olmec and Maya sites, Gonz?lez Lauck holds.
One thing is certain, she says: ?There was contact between the Gulf Coast Olmec and the Maya lowlands, including Ceibal.?
Source: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/349963/title/Maya_civilizations_roots_may_lie_in_ritual
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One Monday in October of 2010, more than a year after she first began using the vaginal ring, Payne met her father for a standing lunch date at Buffalo Wild Wings in Casselberry, north of where they lived in Orlando. When she and her dad walked out of the restaurant, Payne suddenly fell ill and spat up quarter-size chunks of blood onto the cement.
Payne was rushed to the hospital, where she spent 10 days being pumped with anti-coagulants to thin her blood. She was diagnosed as having developed a blood clot in her lung, a condition that could have been fatal. ?It took them a while to figure out that it was blood clots because I was 22 at the time,? said Payne, who is now a married 25-year-old aspiring air traffic controller with a toddler son. She was also a non-smoker, fit, and had no family history of blood clots, all potential risk factors.
But the doctors landed on what they believed might have caused the clotting: the Nuvaring.
Payne is now one of more than 1,000 women suing Merck & Co?the pharmaceutical company that manufactures the birth control?in a federal district court in Missouri. They allege that the company?s device caused them to suffer blood clots?in a few cases, fatal ones?the risks of which they say they were inadequately warned about.
The suits are the latest in a pricey legal backlash over a variety of hormonal contraceptives that have come to the market in the past 10 years. Thousands of women sued over the Ortho Evra patch, citing studies that showed a higher blood clot risk compared to traditional birth control pills, costing Ortho McNeil, a Johnson & Johnson subsidiary, millions of dollars. And as of 2012, more than 10,000 suits had been filed against Bayer, the makers of Yaz and Yasmin birth control pills, which has set aside more than $1.5 billion to settle claims against them.
Roger Denton, the lead counsel for the multi-district litigation against Nuvaring in Missouri, said he thinks the case could be as lucrative for his clients as Bayer?s litigation over Yaz and Yasmin. (Bayer has settled for an average of $216,000 with each plaintiff in that case.)
Hormonal contraceptives inhibit ovulation by releasing a combination of estrogen and progestin. While earlier iterations of progestin have shown only a slight increase in blood clot risk, recent studies have shown that newer forms of progestin?called third- and fourth-generation progestins, which were developed in the 1990s and 2000s?are associated with higher rates of blood clotting among women who take them compared to second-generation iterations of the hormone.
In fact, more than a dozen studies conducted over more than a decade have shown that women taking contraceptives containing a third-generation progestin?such as that used in Nuvaring and some birth control pills?have a 1.4 to 4 times higher risk of developing blood clots than women on contraceptives containing second-generation progestin.
The studies include a recent one funded by the FDA that tracked the health records of more than 835,000 women. It found that those who used the vaginal ring were more likely to experience venous thrombosis than women who took oral contraceptives. But the researchers warned that the finding is ?new and raises concern,? and ?needs to be replicated in other studies.?
A handful of other studies, however, have shown no increased risk. Overall, the risk is still very low, with only around six to 10 out of 10,000 women developing blood clots over a year.
The plaintiffs in the Nuvaring case allege it's not just the hormone in the device that caused their blood clots, but also the delivery system. Unlike other forms of birth control, Nuvaring dispenses hormones directly into the bloodstream, which the plaintiffs' expert witness argues could cause "spikes" of hormones that make women more susceptible to blood clots. There's currently no large study that backs up that claim.
Some experts, however, warn the results of the studies are being overblown by the media and trial lawyers, and may be scaring women away from effective birth control. More than 20 international researchers published an open letter in the Journal of Family Health and Reproductive Planning earlier this month saying the media and attorneys are creating a ?scare? that is not based on adequate research and could create more harm than good. They argue that large database studies, such as the one funded by the FDA, can be inaccurate because they don?t take into account all the confounding variables, such as obesity, that could affect blood clotting.
The letter notes that third- and fourth-generation hormonal contraceptives overall contain a very low risk of blood clots, and that more studies are needed before that risk can be determined. Overall, it notes, about four to six additional women out of every 10,000 on the newer forms of birth control would suffer a blood clot compared to women taking the older form of birth control. The risk of blood clotting goes up dramatically for pregnant women: 29 per 10,000 pregnant women develop a blood clot, meaning that the risks of unintended pregnancy are far greater than that of any hormonal birth control on the market.
The plaintiffs in the Nuvaring case say Merck did not adequately test or label the Nuvaring product to warn of these risks. Merck has disputed this, saying the company is confident its product is safe, and that it followed U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for its packaging.
The company was awarded a judicial victory last week, when a judge in New Jersey threw out seven separate suits against Nuvaring, saying the plaintiffs did not prove that Nuvaring was the cause of their blood clots. New Jersey courts have tougher standards for suing an FDA-approved product than the federal court system, however, where some of the more than 1,000 suits face trial beginning in October.
?We are confident the company has provided appropriate and timely information about Nuvaring to consumers and the medical, scientific and regulatory communities,? Lainie Keller, a spokeswoman for Merck, said in a statement. ?We remain confident in the efficacy and safety profile of Nuvaring, and will continue to always act in the best interest of patients.?
But Denton, the lead attorney for the plaintiffs, said he?s sure his cases in the district court won?t be dismissed.
?That?s what all these drug companies say,? Denton said. ?'It?s good enough for the FDA, that?s the end of the story.? But under our law that doesn?t matter. The jury decides.?
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/more-1-000-suits-against-nuvaring-trial-fall-103903135.html
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Public release date: 26-Apr-2013
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Philadelphia, PA, April 26, 2013 Atkins Diet, Zone Diet, South Beach Diet, etc., etc., etc. Chances are you have known someone who has tried a high protein diet. In fact, according to the International Food Information Council Foundation, 50% of consumers were interested in including more protein in their diets and 37% believed protein helps with weight loss. In a new study released in the May/June 2013 issue of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, researchers found a relatively high proportion of women who reported using the practice of ''eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain, which was associated with reported weight loss.
Among a national sample, researchers from the University of Minnesota surveyed 1,824 midlife women (40-60 years old) to (1) describe perceptions about protein sources and requirements, (2) identify the reported frequency of using the ''eating more protein'' practice to prevent weight gain, and (3) compare reported protein intake to reported frequency of using the ''eating more protein'' practice to prevent weight gain.
Most women correctly identified good protein sources, and the majority could indicate the daily percent of dietary energy recommended from protein. ''Eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain was reported by 43% of women (and more than half of obese women) as a practice to prevent weight gain. Reported use of this practice was related to self-reported weight loss over two years. Two factors associated with effective use of this practice included the level of protein intake and self-efficacy toward weight management.
According to Noel Aldrich, lead author, those participants' who had reported weight loss with "eating more protein" had a protein intake that was consistent with the focus on protein suggested by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. He said, "Education regarding dietary protein requirements may enhance the use of this practice. Women may need more information regarding protein energy content and effective selection of protein sources to enhance protein intake as a weight management strategy. Given that the majority of Americans are overweight, identifying the most effective practices and related factors surrounding successful weight loss and prevention of weight gain are important."
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Public release date: 26-Apr-2013 Share ] Contact: Eileen Leahy
jnebmedia@elsevier.com
732-238-3628
Elsevier Health Sciences
Philadelphia, PA, April 26, 2013 Atkins Diet, Zone Diet, South Beach Diet, etc., etc., etc. Chances are you have known someone who has tried a high protein diet. In fact, according to the International Food Information Council Foundation, 50% of consumers were interested in including more protein in their diets and 37% believed protein helps with weight loss. In a new study released in the May/June 2013 issue of the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, researchers found a relatively high proportion of women who reported using the practice of ''eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain, which was associated with reported weight loss.
Among a national sample, researchers from the University of Minnesota surveyed 1,824 midlife women (40-60 years old) to (1) describe perceptions about protein sources and requirements, (2) identify the reported frequency of using the ''eating more protein'' practice to prevent weight gain, and (3) compare reported protein intake to reported frequency of using the ''eating more protein'' practice to prevent weight gain.
Most women correctly identified good protein sources, and the majority could indicate the daily percent of dietary energy recommended from protein. ''Eating more protein'' to prevent weight gain was reported by 43% of women (and more than half of obese women) as a practice to prevent weight gain. Reported use of this practice was related to self-reported weight loss over two years. Two factors associated with effective use of this practice included the level of protein intake and self-efficacy toward weight management.
According to Noel Aldrich, lead author, those participants' who had reported weight loss with "eating more protein" had a protein intake that was consistent with the focus on protein suggested by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. He said, "Education regarding dietary protein requirements may enhance the use of this practice. Women may need more information regarding protein energy content and effective selection of protein sources to enhance protein intake as a weight management strategy. Given that the majority of Americans are overweight, identifying the most effective practices and related factors surrounding successful weight loss and prevention of weight gain are important."
###
[ | E-mail | Share ] ?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/ehs-nsh042613.php
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Website marketing can work wonders for your reputation. It has become essential that you have a successful online promotion strategy in place for your business. Now is the time to get into it. This article will give you help on how you should begin online marketing.
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You should include a chat section for customers on your social media website. This will make people feel like they are part of a group, not just a customer. People enjoy being part of groups and clubs so treating them as if they are part of a select group will keep them coming back to your site.
If you issue a news release, it might drum up some internet business. If you have the ability to write press releases which are crisp and have clarity, there are numerous online sources available which will publish and release the material to markets in your niche. You can boost your presence in this way.
Even if you plan to outsource your email marketing, you should know the basic methods behind Internet promotion. You should be able to master the necessary tools in no time. This type of experience will be extremely useful for you throughout the entire life cycle of your products and services.
It is essential that you find the right places to advertise your business online. You can't sell baseball cards to someone that wants to buy old Star Wars toys. People will look for what they need in areas that offer exactly what it is that they are looking for. So, in short, be thoughtful of the places that people interested in your business would be looking online before choosing where to advertise.
Try using words like "simple" and 'easy" in your marketing strategy. People are hesitant to order from sites if the process is too complicated. It is a beneficial way to boost business.
Lure new customers to visit your site by offering them an incentive, such as a free product or service. This makes for savvy Affiliate marketing, because your free product acts as a persuasive advertisement for the materials you're actually trying to sell. You can use your ad campaign to detail your customers about the contest.
Here is a tip for website marketing! Customers should never have to hunt to find what you're selling. This is where you sell the product. The customer should know right away what you're selling on your landing page. If they have to look around on your site for the information they want, they will likely leave more quickly.
Your eyes should be open as to how you can market your business through the internet. There are many different ways you can approach this. You can also learn a lot about how to make this work for your business. By using this advice, you will be successful at Online marketing in no time.
Businesses go to so much trouble when there is one sure-fire, simple, very inexpensive way to attract new clients to a business: Teach a free class. That is what article marketing is like. Your articles are just like free classes. You teach your target readers something helpful in your article. Your resource box then says, "If you enjoyed this article you can visit my website and apply what you have learned."
Being an entrepreneur and earning multiple streams of income is a dream that many have, but in reality it does take some initial hard work to achieve this. Earning multiple streams of income is the wave of the future, and here are some tips and advice for you when you are looking for ways in which to do this for yourself.
Starting a home based business to earn income online takes a significant amount of time and energy upfront to get things going. Not seeing results immediately can be discouraging and cause people to give up too early. In this article, we look at the process of starting a home based business and working through the frustrations to be there when the sales come flowing in.
Cyber marketing has now become an indispensable segment of e-commerce as well as the internet and World Wide Web related topics. Cyber marketing simply refers to a technique of attracting potential customers by advertising your products or services through such means as websites, emails, and banners.
If you want your SEO to work you now need to concentrate on appeasing Google Panda, and to do this you need to know what Google Panda's spiders/bots will be looking for. Find out here how to search engine optimise your website for the latest Google Panda algorithm, and achieve the success you deserve.
Source: http://www.content4reprint.com/internet-marketing/how-to-manage-social-media.htm
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WASHINGTON ? President Barack Obama supports requiring girls younger than 17 to see a doctor before buying the morning-after pill. But fighting that battle in court comes with its own set of risks.
A federal judge in New York on Friday ordered the Food and Drug Administration to lift age restrictions on the sale of emergency contraception, ending the requirement that buyers show proof they're 17 or older if they want to buy it without a prescription.
The ruling accused the Obama administration in no uncertain terms of letting the president's pending re-election cloud its judgment when it set the age limits in 2011.
"The motivation for the secretary's action was obviously political," U.S. District Judge Edward Korman wrote in reference to Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius, who made the 2011 decision.
The FDA had been poised to allow over-the-counter sales with no age limits when Sebelius took the unprecedented step of overruling the agency.
If the Obama administration appeals Korman's ruling, it could re-ignite the simmering battle over women's reproductive health, which is never far from the surface in American politics. An appeal also could sidetrack the president just as he's trying to keep Congress and the public focused on gun control, immigration and resolving the nation's budget woes.
"There's no political advantage whatsoever," said Democratic strategist Hank Sheinkopf. "It's a side issue he doesn't need to deal with right now. The best idea is to leave it alone."
Still, Obama has made clear in the past that he feels strongly about the limits. As a politician whose name won't ever appear on a ballot again, it's hard to see the downside in sticking by his principles.
"As the father of two daughters, I think it is important for us to make sure that we apply some common sense to various rules when it comes to over-the-counter medicine," Obama said in 2011 when he endorsed Sebelius' decision.
The Justice Department said it is evaluating whether to appeal. Allison Price, a department spokeswoman, said there would be a prompt decision.
The White House said Obama's view on the issue hasn't changed since 2011.
"He supports that decision today. He believes it was the right common-sense approach to this issue," White House spokesman Jay Carney said.
Appealing the decision could rile liberal groups and parts of Obama's political base that are already upset with his forthcoming budget, which includes cuts to programs like Medicare and Social Security.
But currying favor with conservatives who want the ruling to stand probably won't do much to help Obama make progress on his second-term priorities.
"It won't help him with Republicans in Congress to get policy matters attended to," Sheinkopf said.
Also weighing on Obama and his aides as he decides how to proceed is the unpleasant memory of previous dust-ups over contraception.
Among them is an election-year spat over an element of Obama's health care overhaul law that required most employers to cover birth control free of charge to female workers as a preventive service.
That controversy led to lawsuits that threatened to embroil Obama's health care law, already under fire for a requirement that individuals buy insurance, in even more legal action.
When Obama offered to soften the rule last year, religious groups said it wasn't enough. Obama proposed another compromise on the rule in February to mixed response from faith-based groups.
If the court order issued Friday stands, Plan B One-Step and its generic versions could move from behind pharmacy counters out to drugstore shelves. That would end a decade-plus struggle by women's groups for easier access to these pills, which can prevent pregnancy if taken soon enough after unprotected sex.
Women's health specialists hailed the ruling. They said there's no reason that a safe birth control option shouldn't be available over the counter and they dismissed concerns that it could encourage underage people to have sex.
But social conservatives, in a rare show of support for Obama's approach to social policy, said the ruling removes common-sense protections and denies parents and medical professionals the opportunity to be a safeguard for vulnerable young girls.
"The court's action undermines parents' ability to protect their daughters from such exploitation and from the adverse effects of the drug itself," Deirdre McQuade, spokeswoman for the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Half the nation's pregnancies every year are unintended. Doctors' groups say more access to morning-after pills, by putting them near the condoms and spermicides so people can learn about them and buy them quickly, could cut those numbers.
The morning-after pill contains a higher dose of the female progestin hormone than is in regular birth control pills. Taking it within 72 hours of rape, condom failure or just forgetting regular contraception can cut the chances of pregnancy by up to 89 percent.
It works best within the first 24 hours. If a woman already is pregnant, the pill has no effect.
Absent an appeal or a government request for more time to prepare one, the ruling will take effect in 30 days, meaning that over-the-counter sales could start then.
___
Associated Press writer Larry Neumeister in New York contributed to this report.
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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/06/obama-morning-after-pill_n_3028949.html
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CAIRO (Reuters) - Five Egyptians were killed and eight wounded during clashes between Christians and Muslims in a town near Cairo, security sources said on Saturday.
Four Christians and one Muslim were killed when members of both communities started shooting at each other in Khusus outside the Egyptian capital, the sources said.
They said the violence broke out late on Friday when a group of Christian children were drawing on a wall of a Muslim religious institute. No more details were immediately available.
State news agency MENA had earlier put the death toll at four.
Incidents of Christian-Muslim violence have increased in Egypt, a Muslim-majority nation, since the toppling of former President Hosni Mubarak in 2011. His overthrow gave freer rein to hardline Islamists repressed under his rule.
President Mohamed Mursi, a Muslim Brotherhood leader elected in June, has promised to protect the rights of Coptic Christians, who make up about 10 percent of Egypt's 83 million people.
Sectarian tensions have often flared into violence, particularly in rural areas where rivalries between clans or families sometimes add to friction. Love affairs between Muslims and Christians have also sparked clashed in the past.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/four-die-clashes-between-christians-muslims-egypt-mena-110046799.html
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Stocks closed well off their lows Friday, but the S&P 500 and Nasdaq still logged their worst one-week declines this year, pressured by a disappointing March unemployment report in addition to ongoing jitters over North Korea.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average declined 40.86 points to close at 14,565.25, cutting most of its losses after being down more than 170 points at its session low. American Express and Cisco led the blue-chip laggards, while Boeing gained. The Dow posted its worst week since February and logged its second weekly decline in the last seven weeks.
The S&P 500 slipped 6.70 points to finish at 1,553.28. Major averages have struggled for direction since the S&P 500 pierced through its 2007 closing high last week. The index has zigzagged between gains and losses for the 13th-consecutive session.
The Nasdaq fell 21.12 points to end at 3,203.86.
The CBOE Volatility Index (VIX), widely considered the best gauge of fear in the market, ended unchanged near 14.
For the week, the Dow erased a negligible 0.09 percent, the S&P 500 dropped 1.01 percent, and the Nasdaq tumbled 1.95 percent. Hewlett-Packard was the worst weekly performer on the Dow, while UnitedHealth soared.
Among the key S&P sectors, techs slumped for the week, while telecoms rallied.
U.S. employers hired at the slowest pace in nine months in March, adding just 88,000, while the unemployment rate notched lower to 7.6 percent, largely due to people dropping out of the work force, according to the Labor Department. The unemployment rate is the lowest since December 2008, while the labor force participation rate is at the lowest since 1979. Analysts polled by Reuters had expected a gain of 200,000.
(Read More: Unemployment Rate Falls, but Hold the Champagne)
"Today's number was heavily telegraphed by the data received earlier this week, which were unanimously disappointing," said Lawrence Creatura, Portfolio Manager, Clover Small Value Fund. "So to a certain extent, the disappointment was foreshadowed, but the magnitude of the disappointment was the real eye-opener."
Earlier this week, private sector employment and jobless claims data indicated weakness in the labor market. Reports on the manufacturing and services sectors also disappointed.
"This jobs number is going to have to revise GDP lower?at the end of the day, if people aren't making money, they're not spending. So this number has huge ramifications," said Alan Valdes, director of floor operations at DME Securities. "More striking is the fact that this may be the new norm."
(Read More: Lousy Jobs Report Means 'End of the End of QE Talk')
Adding to fears, geopolitical tensions remained in focus after North Korea placed two of its intermediate range missiles on mobile launchers and hid them on the east coast of the country, according to South Korean media. In addition, North Korea asked several foreign embassies including Russia to consider evacuating staff from Pyongyang because of increasing tension.
Shares of the iShares MSCI South Korea Capped Index Fund ETF, hit a seven-month low, dropping for the sixth-consecutive session.
"The situation in North Korea is escalating ? and investors are nervous because it's not just chatter anymore," said Creatura. "We're going to be stuck with focusing on national and geopolitical events until earnings season comes and we get more granular information."
But Japan's benchmark Nikkei index continued its upward momentum after the Bank of Japan launched a $1.4 trillion stimulus program.
(Read More: Nikkei Erupts and This Time It May Be Different)
F5 Networks plunged nearly 20 perecnt after the network appliances company slashed its second-quarter outlook. At least six brokerages slashed their price target on the company. Rivals Cisco and Juniper also declined.
First-quarter earnings season is scheduled to kick off next week with results from aluminum producer Alcoa on Monday after the closing bell. S&P 500 earnings are expected to have increased just 1.6 percent from a year ago, according to the latest data from Thomson Reuters, down from 4.3 percent forecast in January.
Facebook gained a day after the company unveiled its new software for Android devices called 'Home,' which will be deeply integrated with Google's Android operating system. The social-networking giant also showcased the HTC First, a smartphone that will come pre-installed with Facebook's new 'Home' software. In addition, Argus Research upgraded its rating on the company to "buy" from "hold."
Boeing turned higher after the company said it plans to make a test flight later this afternoon with its 787 Dreamliner jet after more than two months on the ground.
Also on the economic front, the U.S. trade gap narrowed unexpectedly to $43 billion in February, from an unrevised $44.5 billion in January, as crude oil imports fell to their lowest level since March 1996 and overall exports increased slightly, according to the Commerce Department. Economists surveyed by Reuters expected the gap to widen to $44.6 billion.
And consumer credit rose by $18.14 billion in February to $2.799 trillion and January was revised to show a smaller jump than previously expected, according to the Federal Reserve.
(Read More:Stocks, Bonds Tell Two Stories; So Who's Right?)
?By CNBC's JeeYeon Park (Follow JeeYeon on Twitter: @JeeYeonParkCNBC)
? 2013 CNBC LLC. All Rights Reserved
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LAKE FOREST, Calif. (AP) ? The 27-year-old son of popular evangelical Pastor Rick Warren has committed suicide at his Southern California home, Warren's church and authorities said on Saturday.
Matthew Warren struggled with mental illness, deep depression and suicidal thoughts throughout his life, Saddleback Valley Community Church said in a statement. His body was found in his Mission Viejo home Friday night, said Allison O'Neal, a supervising deputy coroner for Orange County. She declined to release the cause and manner of death pending an autopsy of the young man.
"Despite the best health care available, this was an illness that was never fully controlled and the emotional pain resulted in his decision to take his life," the church statement said.
Rick Warren, the author of the multimillion-selling book "The Purpose Driven Life," said in an email to church staff that he and his wife had enjoyed a fun Friday evening with their son. But their son then returned home to take his life in "a momentary wave of despair."
Over the years, Matthew Warren had been treated by America's best doctors, had received counseling and medication and been the recipient of numerous prayers from others, his father said.
"I'll never forget how, many years ago, after another approach had failed to give relief, Matthew said 'Dad, I know I'm going to heaven. Why can't I just die and end this pain?'" Warren recalled.
Despite that, he said, his son lived for another decade, during which he often reached out to help others.
"You who watched Matthew grow up knew he was an incredibly kind, gentle, and compassionate man," Warren wrote. "He had a brilliant intellect and a gift for sensing who was most in pain or most uncomfortable in a room. He'd then make a bee-line to that person to engage and encourage them."
The elder Warren founded Saddleback Church in 1980, according to his biography on the church website, and over the years watched it grow to 20,000 members. He and his wife, Kay, began by holding Bible studies for people who weren't regular churchgoers.
Matthew Warren was the youngest of their three children.
As Saddleback grew over the years, it spread out from its Lake Forest headquarters, 65 miles southeast of Los Angeles, adding several other campuses and ministries around Southern California.
The church says it now offers more than 200 community ministries and support groups for parents, families, children, couples, prisoners, addicts, and people living with HIV, depression and other illnesses.
In 2008, the church sponsored a presidential forum with Barack Obama and John McCain. Obama and Republican nominee Mitt Romney were invited to a similar forum last fall, but Warren canceled it several days beforehand, saying the campaign had become too uncivil.
Warren was named the top newsmaker of the year for 2009 by the Religion Newswriters Association. He gained attention that year with his invocation at Obama's inauguration, as well as with comments he made in the aftermath of California's Proposition 8, which overturned gay marriage.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/church-pastor-rick-warrens-son-commits-suicide-211206608.html
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While the Alienware X51 has been slated by Valve as a currently available Steambox, consumers still have to get rid of that pesky Windows to install the Linux-driven platform. As we've seen with the Razer Edge, a Windows 8-powered gaming system just doesn't work well for living rooms because it still needs an interface that's not a game controller. Fortunately, that barrier is slowly evaporating as the Dell-owned commodity is now providing Ubuntu as an OS option for the X51, paving the way for easier Steambox modification in the future.
It'll come with Linux-friendly drivers from NVIDIA right out of the box, and you can of course install Steam for Linux on it from the get-go. As a reminder, the X51 is available in Core i3, Core i5 and Core i7 models, and can be upgraded to 8GB of RAM with 1TB of storage, with either a NVIDIA GeForce GT545 or a GTX 555 card. Features include HDMI 1.4, eight USB ports (six are 2.0 while two are 3.0), digital 7.1 surround sound, on-board WiFi and gigabit Ethernet. Pricing for the base Ubuntu model is $599, which is about $100 less than its Windows counterpart.
Source: Alienware, Dell Community Blog
Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/04/05/alienware-x51-ubuntu/
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My kids all love Dora and I pretty much feel like she grew up with them. ?My oldest, now 6, still sits and watches Dora, which honestly I love because he is picking up the Spanish words better now that he is older. ?I love though how Nickelodeon keeps re-vamping Dora every so often so new Dora fans can see how she fits in today?s world and old Dora fans can feel like they are getting a whole new Dora expierence. ?I know too I hate when my kids have a character they love and I can?t find anything for them, but with Dora my only problem has ever been trying to choose just one or two things!
This past February, Nickelodeon launched a new Dora the Explorer half-hour premiere called ?Dora Rocks!? ?To go along with the Dora episode, Nickelondeon has launched a new Dora product line featuring musical elements, bright colors and of course a rocker doll Dora!
The line features an array of Dora-themed products, including:?
Exclusive apparel and accessories including t-shirts, back-packs, shoes and more;
A DVD package, distributed by Paramount Home Entertainment, featuring the direct-to-DVD release of ?Dora Rocks!?;
A brand-new CD, Dora Rocks! Music from the Special & More, is now available and features 12 upbeat tracks including the series theme song and tunes from the television special;
Dora-themed bedding; toys, games, youth electronics and party items; books, activities and more.
I got the chance to check out two of the new Dora Rocks! products, the New Dora Rocks! CD and?Dora Rocks! Light-up Music Doll with Sunglasses, Guitar & Microphone. ?My boys couldn?t wait to play the CD in the car and my 19 month old fell in love with the Dora doll.
Dora Rocks! CD
1. Dora the Explorer Theme
2. Sing Along Party Finale
3. On Our Way To The Singalong
4. Busca Los Cascarones
5. Fantastic Gymnastics
6. Pet The Animals
7. Carnivores And Herbivores
8. Sea Monkey Wiggle
9. Traveling On Our Way
10. On Our Way to the Singalong (Reprise)
11. Amazing Animal Circus
12. Chasing A Ball Of String
This is a great CD for any Dora fan! ?It features 12 songs all featuring Dora and her friends. ?While I admit I can?t stand the CD too long, my kids love it and it gets them excited to hear it. ?My kids dance around and are starting to repeat the words!
Dora Rocks! Light-up Music Doll
The Dora Rocks! Doll is a doll that is about 6-inches tall and sturdy. ?She isn?t really one to dress up but rather bush her shirt and watch it light up and her her music. ?She plays lots of different songs and my 19 month absolutely loves her! ?Her songs are in English with some Spanish words of course mixed in. ?She is super easy to use and she stands on her own. ?The only drawback though is there is no On/Off button so I am constantly accidentally pushing her On when I am cleaning up. She comes with sunglasses, a microphone stand and a guitar that doubles as a hairbrush! ?She also comes with a cool barrette for either Dora to wear or for your child to use! ?Oh and she does come with the required batteries she needs so she is ready right out of the box! ?Overall though Dora Rocks! Doll is a great toy for any Dora fan or little one that loves music!
BUY IT: ?Check out the new Dora Rocks! product line exclusively at Target stores nationwide and www.Target.com through April.
WIN IT: ?(1) US winner will recieve the CD ?Dora Rocks!?
GIVEAWAY ENTRY:
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Mom and More Disclosure: I received this product in exchange for my honest opinion.?Please see my?Disclosure Policy.
Source: http://momandmore.com/2013/04/dora-rocks.html
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